{"id":37315,"date":"2022-01-10T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-01-10T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/?p=37315"},"modified":"2021-12-23T14:56:51","modified_gmt":"2021-12-23T13:56:51","slug":"comparative-adjectives-er-much-more-less-than","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/es\/comparative-adjectives-er-much-more-less-than\/","title":{"rendered":"Comparative adjectives (-er, more, less). \u00bfC\u00f3mo ser m\u00e1s bello y bella?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En ingl\u00e9s,<em> los adjetivos comparativos<\/em> normalmente se crean a\u00f1adiendo la terminaci\u00f3n <em>-er<\/em> o modific\u00e1ndolos con las palabras <em>more<\/em> (m\u00e1s) o <em>less<\/em> (menos). \u00bfCu\u00e1ndo y c\u00f3mo usar estas construcciones, especialmente en combinaci\u00f3n con palabras como <em>much, a bit<\/em> o <em>than?<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>En la imagen: Siempre he tenido el cabello m\u00e1s hermoso que t\u00fa, Jen. Sigue llorando. (Le dice Brad Pitt a su primera esposa Jennifer Aniston usando el adjetivo comparativo \u00abprettier\u00bb)\/<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ah\u00ed est\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>La buena noticia para empezar es que los adjetivos de grado comparativo <em>(comparative adjectives) <\/em>en ingl\u00e9s no tienen g\u00e9nero ni n\u00famero. \u00a1As\u00ed que <em>prettier<\/em> es a la vez \u00abm\u00e1s bonito\u00bb como \u00abm\u00e1s bonita\u00bb, \u00abm\u00e1s bonitos\u00bb y \u00abm\u00e1s bonitas\u00bb!<\/p>\n<p>\u00a1Qu\u00e9 alivio!<\/p>\n<h2><em>Comparative adjectives (-er)<\/em> cortos<\/h2>\n<p>Si nuestro <a href=\"\/es\/?p=5871\">adjetivo<\/a> es corto (hasta dos s\u00edlabas), por lo general simplemente le pegamos la terminaci\u00f3n <em>-er<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>old-old<strong>er <\/strong><\/em>(viejo &#8211; m\u00e1s viejo)<\/li>\n<li><em>slow-slow<strong>er <\/strong><\/em>(lento &#8211; m\u00e1s lento)<\/li>\n<li><em>cheap-cheap<strong>er <\/strong><\/em>(barato &#8211; m\u00e1s barato)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Si <a href=\"\/es\/?p=13681\">el adjetivo<\/a> termina con la letra <em>-e <\/em>no la duplicamos. A\u00f1adimos solo la <em>-r:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>late-late<strong>r <\/strong><\/em>(tard\u00edo &#8211; m\u00e1s tard\u00edo)<\/li>\n<li><em>nice-nice<strong>r<\/strong><\/em>(agradable &#8211; m\u00e1s agradable)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Si <a href=\"\/es\/?p=5871\">el adjetivo<\/a> termina con una combinaci\u00f3n consonante-vocal-consonante, tambi\u00e9n debemos duplicar la \u00faltima letra:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>big-bi<strong>gg<\/strong>er<\/em>(grande &#8211; m\u00e1s grande)<\/li>\n<li><em>sad-sa<strong>dd<\/strong>er<\/em>(triste &#8211; m\u00e1s triste)<\/li>\n<li><em>hot-ho<strong>tt<\/strong>er<\/em>(caliente &#8211; m\u00e1s caliente)<\/li>\n<li><em>thin-thi<strong>nn<\/strong>er<\/em>(delgado &#8211; m\u00e1s delgado)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Si, por el contrario, el <a href=\"\/es\/?p=13681\">adjetivo<\/a> termina con la letra &#8211;<em>y<\/em>, lo sustituimos por <em>-ier:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>easy-eas<strong>ier<\/strong><\/em>(f\u00e1cil &#8211; m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil)<\/li>\n<li><em>heavy-heav<strong>ier <\/strong><\/em>(pesado &#8211; m\u00e1s pesado)<\/li>\n<li><em>happy-happ<strong>ier <\/strong><\/em>(feliz &#8211; m\u00e1s feliz)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>y el titular:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>pretty-prett<strong>ier<\/strong><\/em>(hermoso &#8211; m\u00e1s hermoso)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00bfY si queremos crear un <em>adjetivo comparativo<\/em> a partir de una palabra m\u00e1s larga?<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14745\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14745\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14748\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/few-a-few-little-a-little-later-or.jpg\" alt=\"a few few little a little\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/few-a-few-little-a-little-later-or.jpg 640w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/few-a-few-little-a-little-later-or-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14745\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Colega: \u00bfQu\u00e9 tal unas cervezas esta noche? Yo: No puedo, tengo que trabajar ma\u00f1ana. | Un poco m\u00e1s tarde&#8230;<\/em> V\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n: <a href=\"\/es\/?p=14732\"><em>\u00bfSabes poco sobre little, a little, few, a few? Te cuento un poco sobre la diferencia entre ellos.<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><em>Comparative adjectives (more)<\/em> largos<\/h2>\n<p>Si, por el contrario, una palabra tiene m\u00e1s de dos s\u00edlabas, la precedemos con un <em>more<\/em> (m\u00e1s) y ya tenemos un adjetivo de grado comparativo (comparative adjective). Lo \u00fanico es que ahora \u00e9ste consta de dos partes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>beautiful &#8211; more beautiful <\/em>(bello &#8211; m\u00e1s bello)<\/li>\n<li><em>expensive &#8211; more expensive <\/em>(caro &#8211; m\u00e1s caro)<\/li>\n<li><em>interesting &#8211; more interesting <\/em>(interesante &#8211; m\u00e1s interesante)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>El problema est\u00e1 con unos cuantos adjetivos de dos s\u00edlabas, que a pesar de todo el <em>more<\/em> que la terminaci\u00f3n <em>-er<\/em>. Por ejemplo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>modern &#8211; more modern <\/em>(moderno &#8211; m\u00e1s moderno)<\/li>\n<li><em>serious &#8211; more serious <\/em>(serio &#8211; m\u00e1s serio)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Consejo pr\u00e1ctico: Si no sabes si el adjetivo usa <em>-er<\/em> o <em>more, <\/em>siempre es m\u00e1s seguro<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ef.com\/ca\/english-resources\/english-grammar\/comparative-and-superlative\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00b9<\/a> usar <em>more.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Algunos adjetivos, por otro lado, no son exigentes en absoluto y ambas versiones son correctas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>quiet &#8211; quieter = more quiet <\/em>(silencioso &#8211; m\u00e1s silencioso)<\/li>\n<li><em>clever &#8211; cleverer = more clever <\/em>(astuto &#8211; m\u00e1s astuto)<\/li>\n<li><em>simple &#8211; simpler = more simple <\/em>(simple &#8211; m\u00e1s simple)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u00bfY si m\u00e1s es menos (<em>less<\/em>)?<\/h2>\n<p>A veces el adjetivo de grado comparativo <em>(comparative adjective)<\/em> no significa que algo sea \u00abm\u00e1s\u00bb sino que sea \u00abmenos\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>No te preocupes, \u00a1el asunto es a\u00fan m\u00e1s simple aqu\u00ed! Porque siempre a\u00f1adiremos <em>less:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>sweet &#8211; less sweet <\/em>(dulce &#8211; menos dulce)<\/li>\n<li><em>helpful &#8211; less helpful <\/em>(\u00fatil &#8211; menos \u00fatil)<\/li>\n<li><em>complicated &#8211; less complicated <\/em>(complicado &#8211; menos complicado)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sin embargo, no diremos <del><em>less big<\/em><\/del>(menos grande) pero simplemente <em>smaller <\/em>(m\u00e1s peque\u00f1o)<a href=\"https:\/\/forum.wordreference.com\/threads\/less-big-than.739747\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">.<\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14457\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14457\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14460\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/subject-and-object-questions-pytania-o-podmiot-dopelnienie-angielski-romeo-i-julia.jpg\" alt=\"preguntas sobre el sujeto y el objeto , subject and object questions\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/subject-and-object-questions-pytania-o-podmiot-dopelnienie-angielski-romeo-i-julia.jpg 640w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/subject-and-object-questions-pytania-o-podmiot-dopelnienie-angielski-romeo-i-julia-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14457\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Ver tambi\u00e9n: <a href=\"\/es\/?p=14441\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 nos dir\u00e1 Romeo y Julieta sobre las preguntas de sujeto y predicado en ingl\u00e9s?<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><em>Comparative adjectives + than<\/em><\/h2>\n<p><em>Than <\/em>(que) es muy vers\u00e1til y se puede utilizar en todos los casos anteriores:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Tomek is older <strong>than<\/strong> Kasia.<\/em>(Tomek es mayor que Kasia.)<\/li>\n<li><em>Are apples more expensive <strong>than<\/strong> bananas?<\/em> (\u00bfLas manzanas son m\u00e1s caras que los <a href=\"\/es\/?p=9014\">pl\u00e1tanos<\/a>?)<\/li>\n<li><em>Studying is less exciting <strong>than<\/strong> skydiving.<\/em>(Estudiar es menos emocionante para m\u00ed que lanzarme en paraca\u00eddas).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><em>Comparative adjectives + a bit<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>Si no queremos comparar algo tan contundentemente, podemos suavizar la diferencia con la palabra \u00abun poco\u00bb o <em>a bit:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Could you speak <strong>a bit<\/strong> quieter, please?<\/em>(\u00bfPodr\u00eda hablar un poco m\u00e1s tranquilo, por favor?)<\/li>\n<li><em>Next year it will be <strong>a bit<\/strong> more expensive.<\/em>(El a\u00f1o que viene ser\u00e1 un poco m\u00e1s caro).<\/li>\n<li><em>They are <strong>a bit<\/strong> less friendly than their neighbours.<\/em>(Son un poco menos amigables que sus vecinos).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5858\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5858\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5861\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/stopniowanie-przymiotnikow-comparative-superlative-mountain.jpg\" alt=\"gradaci\u00f3n de los adjetivos ingleses\" width=\"640\" height=\"412\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5858\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Ver tambi\u00e9n: <a href=\"\/es\/?p=5845\">Gradaci\u00f3n de los adjetivos en ingl\u00e9s: aburrido, m\u00e1s fuerte, el mejor.<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><em>Comparative adjectives + much<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>Tambi\u00e9n podemos hacer estallar nuestra historia y enfatizar la diferencia:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Her salary is <strong>much<\/strong> bigger!<\/em> (\u00a1Su salario es mucho m\u00e1s grande!)<\/li>\n<li><em>Your penis is <strong>much<\/strong> smaller than I expected&#8230;<\/em> (Tu pene es mucho m\u00e1s peque\u00f1o de lo que esperaba&#8230;)<\/li>\n<li><em>Trust me, you&#8217;ll have <strong>much<\/strong> less interesting work to do.<\/em> (Conf\u00eda en m\u00ed, tendr\u00e1s un trabajo mucho menos interesante que hacer).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><em>Irregular comparative adjectives<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>La mayor alegr\u00eda nos la traen aquellos adjetivos que graduamos de forma irregular <em>(irregular comparative adjectives)<\/em>. Aqu\u00ed no hay l\u00f3gica, solo hay que recordar que, por ejemplo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>good &#8211; better<\/em> (bueno &#8211; mejor)<\/li>\n<li><em>bad-worse<\/em> (malo &#8211; peor)<\/li>\n<li><em>far &#8211; farther lub<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.cambridge.org\/pl\/grammar\/british-grammar\/farther-farthest-or-further-furthest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00b3<\/a> further<\/em> (lejos &#8211; m\u00e1s lejos)<\/li>\n<li><em><a href=\"\/es\/?p=13572\">much\/many<\/a> &#8211; more<\/em>(mucho\/muchos &#8211; m\u00e1s)<\/li>\n<li><em><a href=\"\/es\/?p=14732\">little<\/a> &#8211; less<\/em>(poco &#8211; menos)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7174\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7174\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7177 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/jak-szybko-skutecznie-mozna-nauczyc-sie-jezyka-angielskiego-samemu.jpg\" alt=\"\u00bfCon qu\u00e9 rapidez y eficacia puede aprender ingl\u00e9s por su cuenta?\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7174\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>V\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n: <a href=\"\/es\/?p=13518\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo de r\u00e1pido y efectivo puedes aprender ingl\u00e9s por ti mismo?<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>\u00bfQuiere ser m\u00e1s inteligente? \u00bfQuiere ser mejor en ingl\u00e9s?<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"\/es\/?p=11774\">\u00a1Desafortunadamente, el ingl\u00e9s no se aprender\u00e1 por s\u00ed solo!<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Si desea mejorar sus habilidades ling\u00fc\u00edsticas, todo lo que tiene que hacer es inscribirse en el <a href=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/es\/curso-de-ingles-online\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">curso de habla inglesa en l\u00ednea<\/a> Speakingo y su ingl\u00e9s ir\u00e1 mejorando cada d\u00eda.<\/p>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s, aprender en Speakingo no solo es <a href=\"\/es\/?p=5904\">efectivo, \u00a1sino tambi\u00e9n divertido!<\/a> Simplemente responde a preguntas, Speakingo las entiende y las elogia o corrige.<\/p>\n<p>Como un ni\u00f1o que aprende a hablar. SIn preocuparse por la gram\u00e1tica, \u00a1simplemente comienza a aplicarla correctamente en la pr\u00e1ctica!<\/p>\n<p>Si quiere entender a los ingleses, \u00a1empiece a hablar como ellos!<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a1Inscr\u00edbase en el curso de ingl\u00e9s en l\u00ednea Speakingo!<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><button type=\"button\" id=\"openLoginModal\"  class=\"btn signup-btn \" href=\"javascript:void(0)\" data-redirect_to=\"\" onclick=\"doAuth(this);\">Comienza a aprender<\/button><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a1Pru\u00e9belo gratis y sin compromisos!<\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>\u00bfEl tema de los adjetivos comparativos ya est\u00e1 more or less (m\u00e1s o menos) claro? <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Si no es as\u00ed, pregunte en los comentarios.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En ingl\u00e9s, los adjetivos comparativos normalmente se crean a\u00f1adiendo la terminaci\u00f3n -er o modific\u00e1ndolos con las palabras more (m\u00e1s) o less (menos). \u00bfCu\u00e1ndo y c\u00f3mo usar estas construcciones, especialmente en combinaci\u00f3n con palabras como much, a bit o than?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14764,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3804,3811,3815],"tags":[7484,7489,7488,7483,1135,7486,7485,7487,7490],"class_list":["post-37315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatica-inglesa","category-ingles-nivel-principiante-a1-a2","category-palabras-y-modismos-en-ingles","tag-er-es","tag-adjetivos-es","tag-bit-es","tag-comparative-adjectives-es","tag-gradacion","tag-less-es","tag-more-es","tag-than-es","tag-wyzszy-es"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Comparative adjectives (-er, more, less). \u00bfC\u00f3mo ser m\u00e1s bello y bella? &#8902;<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En ingl\u00e9s, los adjetivos en el grado comparativo se crean agregando la terminaci\u00f3n -er, more o less. 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