{"id":156,"date":"2017-03-06T19:56:45","date_gmt":"2017-03-06T18:56:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.speakingo.pl\/?p=156"},"modified":"2023-05-23T18:09:54","modified_gmt":"2023-05-23T16:09:54","slug":"angielski-have-got-czy-angielski-to-be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/angielski-have-got-czy-angielski-to-be\/","title":{"rendered":"By\u0107 czy mie\u0107? Angielskie have got i to be [odmiana]"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>By\u0107 czy mie\u0107? Dobre pytanie! W tym wpisie nauczymy si\u0119 jednak czego\u015b zgo\u0142a mniej filozoficznego &#8211; jak odmienia\u0107 i u\u017cywa\u0107 w r\u00f3\u017cnych czasach gramatycznych j\u0119zyka angielskiego czasowniki<em> to be<\/em> oraz <em>have got.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Czy jako\u015b\u0107 naszego \u017cycia definiuje to kim jeste\u015bmy, czyli co wiemy, co zrobili\u015bmy lub do\u015bwiadczyli\u015bmy? Czy mo\u017ce raczej jest to nasz materialny status, to ile mamy na koncie w banku lub co mamy zaparkowane pod (jak najwi\u0119kszym) domem?<\/p>\n<p>To bardzo dobre pytania ale zupe\u0142nie nie o tym b\u0119dziemy m\u00f3wi\u0107 w tym tek\u015bcie o gramatyce j\u0119zyka angielskiego!<\/p>\n<h4>Tak jak w tym nagraniu na <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/AngielskiSpeakingo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kanale Speakingo na YouTube:<\/a><\/h4>\n<p><iframe title=\"By\u0107 czy mie\u0107? Angielski HAVE GOT &amp; TO BE (odmiana)\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/DGRkk07iGIo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>By\u0107 (angielski <em>to be<\/em>) czy mie\u0107 (angielski <em>have got<\/em>) w czasie tera\u017aniejszym <em>present simple<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>Z tego wpisu dowiesz si\u0119:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"\/?p=156#odmiana-angielskiego-czasownika-to-be-byc-w-czasie-present-simple\">Jak odmienia\u0107\u00a0<em>to be<\/em> (by\u0107) w angielskim czasie tera\u017aniejszym <em>present simple.<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/?p=156#odmiana-angielskiego-czasownika-to-be-byc-w-czasie-terazniejszym-present-simple\">Jak odmienia\u0107 <em>to have (got)<\/em> czyli &#8220;mie\u0107&#8221; w czasie tera\u017aniejszym <em>present simple.<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/?p=156#angielski-have-got-to-be-miec-byc-w-czasach-continuous-ciaglych\">Angielski <em>have got &amp; to be<\/em> w czasach ci\u0105g\u0142ych <em>(continuous)<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/?p=156#angielski-have-got-to-be-w-czasach-przeszlych-past\">Angielski <em>have got &amp; to be<\/em> w przesz\u0142o\u015bci <em>(past tenses)<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/?p=156#angielski-have-got-to-be-w-czasach-przyszlych-future\">Angielski <em>have got &amp; to be<\/em> w czasach przysz\u0142ych <em>(future tenses)<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/?p=156#have-got-to-be-byc-miec-angielski-czasy-perfect\">Angielski <em>have got &amp; to be<\/em> w czasach typu <em>perfect<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/?p=156#jak-najlepiej-cwiczyc-odmiane-to-be-have-got\">Jak najlepiej \u0107wiczy\u0107 odmian\u0119\u00a0<em>to be &amp; to have got?<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ale zacznijmy od ma\u0142ego powt\u00f3rzenia.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Jak wygl\u0105da proste zdanie w czasie <a href=\"\/?p=10570\"><em>present simple<\/em><\/a>?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Na przyk\u0142ad tak:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I <strong>like<\/strong> you. <\/em>(Ja lubi\u0119 Ciebie)<\/li>\n<li><em>We <strong>like<\/strong> cars. <\/em>(My lubimy auta)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>ale<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>He <strong>likes\u00a0<\/strong>her. <\/em>(On lubi j\u0105)<\/li>\n<li><em>She <strong>likes <\/strong>dancing<\/em> (Ona lubi ta\u0144czy\u0107).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To znaczy w czasie <em><a href=\"\/?p=10570\">present simple<\/a>\u00a0<\/em>czasownik u\u017cywamy w podstawowej formie <em>(like)<\/em>, za wyj\u0105tkiem trzeciej osoby liczby pojedynczej (on, ona, to), <a href=\"\/?p=13741\">kiedy dodajemy do czasownika ko\u0144c\u00f3wk\u0119 <em><strong>-s<\/strong><\/em><\/a><em> (she like<strong>s<\/strong>).<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10580\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10580\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10580 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/present-simple-s.jpg\" alt=\"present simple s, have has\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10580\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">&#8220;Gdy uczysz si\u0119 czasu present simple, ale zapominasz dopisa\u0107 &#8216;s&#8217; w trzeciej osobie liczby pojedynczej&#8221;.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a style=\"font-style: italic;\" href=\"\/?p=13741\">Kiedy have, kiedy has i co to jest present simple -s?<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ale co w sytuacji, je\u015bli zapragniemy powiedzie\u0107 w czasie <em><a href=\"\/?p=10570\">present simple<\/a>:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ona <strong>jest<\/strong> szcz\u0119\u015bliwa?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>By\u0107 to po angielsku <em>to be.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Wypada\u0142oby wi\u0119c powiedzie\u0107<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><del><em>She be<strong>s<\/strong> happy.<\/em><\/del><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Niestety nie ma tak \u0142atwo!<\/p>\n<p>Czasownik by\u0107 (<em>to be)<\/em>\u00a0 &#8211; podobnie jak mie\u0107 <em>(to<\/em> <em>have<\/em> o czym za chwil\u0119) rz\u0105dzi si\u0119 w\u0142asnymi prawami! I o tym w\u0142a\u015bnie jest ten wpis!<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"odmiana-angielskiego-czasownika-to-be-byc-w-czasie-present-simple\">1. By\u0107 (angielski <em>to be<\/em>) w <em>present simple<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>W j\u0119zyku angielskim <em>to be<\/em> odmieniamy przez osoby niemal jak w j\u0119zyku polskim &#8211; dla ka\u017cdej osoby jest inaczej <em>(<\/em>czyli <em>I am, you are<\/em>&#8230;)!<\/p>\n<p>Paradoksalnie, odmienione s\u0142\u00f3wka w niczym nie przypominaj\u0105 bazowego <em>to be<\/em>, ale jest tak te\u017c w j\u0119zyku polskim: &#8220;by\u0107&#8221; nijak ma si\u0119 do np. do &#8220;jeste\u015b&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Nie wystarczy ju\u017c dopisa\u0107 ko\u0144c\u00f3weczki -s!<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13538\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13538\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13538 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/am-is-are-kiedy.jpg\" alt=\"am is are, to be, kiedy\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/am-is-are-kiedy.jpg 640w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/am-is-are-kiedy-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13538\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=13533\">Am is are? Rockowa lekcja dla pocz\u0105tkuj\u0105cych!<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Jak to wygl\u0105da w praktyce?<\/p>\n<h3>Odmiana czasownika by\u0107 <em>(to be) <\/em>w czasie<em> present simple<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Zdania twierdz\u0105ce, pytania i przeczenia z<em> to be<\/em> (by\u0107) w czasie <a href=\"\/?p=10570\"><em>present simple<\/em><\/a> wygl\u0105da\u0107 b\u0119d\u0105 na przyk\u0142ad tak:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>(jestem) <em>I <strong>am<\/strong> happy. \u2192 Am I happy? \u2192 I am not happy.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(jeste\u015b) <em>You <strong>are<\/strong> happy. \u2192 Are you happy? \u2192 You are not happy.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(ona jest) <em>She <strong>is<\/strong> happy. \u2192 Is she happy? \u2192 She is not happy.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(on jest) <em>He <strong>is<\/strong> happy. \u2192 Is he happy? \u2192 He is not happy.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(ono jest) <em>It <strong>is<\/strong> happy. \u2192 Is it happy? \u2192 It is not happy.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>(jeste\u015bmy) <em>We <strong>are<\/strong> happy. \u2192 Are we happy? \u2192 We are not happy.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(jeste\u015bcie) <em>You <strong>are<\/strong> happy. \u2192 Are you happy? \u2192 You are not happy.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(oni s\u0105) They <strong>are<\/strong> happy. \u2192 Are they happy? \u2192 They are not happy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Na co warto zwr\u00f3ci\u0107 tu uwag\u0119?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nasze JA jest na tyle wyj\u0105tkowe, \u017ce zas\u0142uguje na osobn\u0105 form\u0119: <em>I <strong>am<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ona, on, ono wygl\u0105daj\u0105 tak samo:<em> she, he, it <strong>is<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>W liczbie mnogiej jest\u00a0<strong><em>are<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Poniewa\u017c w j\u0119zyku angielskim &#8220;ty&#8221; i &#8220;wy&#8221; to jest to samo s\u0142owo: <a href=\"\/?p=15191\"><em>you.<\/em><\/a> W obu przypadkach jest tak samo <em>you <strong>are<\/strong>.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>W pytaniach po prostu <a href=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/szyk-przestawny-w-angielskich-pytaniach\/\">zmieniamy s\u0142\u00f3wka miejscami (tak zwana inwersja):<em> You are&#8230; &#8211; Are you&#8230;?<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<li>We wszystkich osobach tak samo w przeczeniach po prostu dodajemy <em>not.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_598\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-598\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-598\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/znasz-juz-jezyk-angielski-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"znasz ju\u017c j\u0119zyk angielski\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/znasz-juz-jezyk-angielski-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/znasz-juz-jezyk-angielski-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/znasz-juz-jezyk-angielski.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-598\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Czytaj r\u00f3wnie\u017c:<a href=\"\/?p=597\"> A teraz wyobra\u017a sobie, \u017ce znasz ju\u017c j\u0119zyk angielski&#8230;<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4><strong>Skracanie przecze\u0144 z <em>to be<\/em> (mie\u0107)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>W mowie potocznej zamiast formalnej, pe\u0142nej wersji z\u00a0<em>not<\/em> us\u0142yszysz:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>she is not = she isn&#8217;t<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>you are not = you aren&#8217;t<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A dla &#8220;ja&#8221; wygl\u0105da to odrobin\u0119 inaczej:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I am not = I&#8217;m not<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Jak pyta\u0107 niepoprawnie?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Poniewa\u017c w j\u0119zyku angielskim nie ma takiego s\u0142owa jak nasze &#8220;czy&#8221;, je\u015bli chcemy poprawnie zada\u0107 pytanie stosujemy <a href=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/szyk-przestawny-w-angielskich-pytaniach\/\">inwersj\u0119<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>He is sad.<\/em> (On jest smutny.)<\/li>\n<li><em>Is he sad?<\/em> (Czy on jest smutny?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nie zdziw si\u0119 jednak, je\u015bli w praktyce us\u0142yszysz na filmie czy zobaczysz na memie po prostu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><del><em>He sad?<\/em><\/del><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bardzo cz\u0119sto te\u017c ludzie po prostu zmieniaj\u0105 intonacje g\u0142osu i tadaam! Ze zdania twierdz\u0105cego robi si\u0119 pytanie!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><del><em>You are happy?<\/em><\/del><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Albo jak Joker z Batmana kto\u015b zapyta:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><del><em>Why so serious?<\/em> <\/del><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(&#8220;Dlaczego jeste\u015b taki powa\u017cny Batmanie?&#8221; Chocia\u017c powinno by\u0107:<em> Why <strong>are you<\/strong> so serious?<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a2\/Why_so_serious%3F.svg\" width=\"719\" height=\"103\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"odmiana-angielskiego-czasownika-to-be-byc-w-czasie-terazniejszym-present-simple\">2. Odmiana czasownika mie\u0107 (angielski <em>have got)<\/em> w czasie <em>present simple<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>Je\u015bli natomiast nad filozoficznym bytem preferujemy materialistyczne posiadanie, sprawa robi si\u0119 bardziej skomplikowana.<\/p>\n<p>Teoretycznie tworz\u0105c pytania r\u00f3wnie\u017c stosujemy <a href=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/inwersja-angielski-szyk-przestawny-stylistyczna-pytania-stylistic-inversion\/\">inwersj\u0119<\/a>, tylko nie zawsze wychodzi nam z tego co\u015b m\u0105drego&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Zreszt\u0105 zobaczcie sami poni\u017cej.<\/p>\n<h3>Czy mo\u017cna &#8220;mie\u0107&#8221;<em>\u00a0have <\/em>bez <em>got?<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Je\u015bli zastosowa\u0107 si\u0119 do og\u00f3lnego wzorca, wyjdzie nam co\u015b takiego:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>(Mam auto. <em>\u2192<\/em> Czy mam auto? <em>\u2192\u00a0<\/em> Nie mam auta.)<em> I have a car. \u2192<del> Have I a car? \u2192 I have not a car.<\/del><\/em><\/li>\n<li>(masz) <em>You have a car. \u2192 <del>Have you a car? \u2192 You have not a car.<\/del><\/em><\/li>\n<li>(mamy) <em>We have a car. \u2192<del> Have we a car ? \u2192 We have not a car.<\/del><\/em><\/li>\n<li>(macie) <em>You have a car. \u2192 <del>Have you a car? \u2192 You have not a car.<\/del><\/em><\/li>\n<li>(maj\u0105) <em>They have a car. \u2192 <del>Have they a car? \u2192 They have not a car.<\/del><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>He, she, it<\/em> zamiast <em>have<\/em> maj\u0105 <em>has<\/em>, ale opr\u00f3cz tego nic wi\u0119cej si\u0119 nie zmienia:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>(ona ma) <em>She has a car. \u2192<del> Has she a car? \u2192 She has not a car.<\/del><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(on ma) <em>He has a car. \u2192<del> Has he a car? \u2192 He has not a car.<\/del><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>(ono ma)<em> It has a car. \u2192<del> Has it a car? \u2192 It has not a car.<\/del><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Chocia\u017c powy\u017csze pytania i przeczenia (druga i trzecia kolumna powy\u017cej) s\u0105 super poprawne i uczy ich na przyk\u0142ad przestarza\u0142y podr\u0119cznik do <a href=\"\/?p=899\">metody Callana<\/a> (kt\u00f3rego autor w swoim testamencie zakaza\u0142 nanosi\u0107 \u017cadnych zmian do swojej metody, a j\u0119zyk przecie\u017c bez przerwy ewoluuje), to jednak nikt tak dzi\u015b ju\u017c nie powie, chyba \u017ce w \u017cartach lub bardzo oficjalnym pi\u015bmie.<\/p>\n<p>Dlatego skre\u015bli\u0142em te archaiczne wersje. Jak wi\u0119c naprawd\u0119 si\u0119 m\u00f3wi?<\/p>\n<h3><em>Have <\/em>czy <em>have got?<\/em><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">W przypadku zda\u0144 twierdz\u0105cych z angielskim czasownikiem &#8220;mie\u0107&#8221; <em>(to have<\/em>) mamy do wyboru dwie mo\u017cliwo\u015bci: z nic nie znacz\u0105cym <em>got<\/em>\u00a0lub bez.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>&#8220;Have&#8221;\u00a0<\/em>i &#8220;<em>Have got&#8221;\u00a0<\/em>znacz\u0105 jednak dok\u0142adnie to samo.<\/p>\n<p>Na przyk\u0142ad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I have a book.<\/em> (Mam ksi\u0105\u017ck\u0119.)<\/li>\n<li><em>I have got a book.<\/em> (Mam ksi\u0105\u017ck\u0119.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Natomiast du\u017co lepiej brzmi je\u015bli\u00a0<em>got\u00a0<\/em> u\u017cyjemy jednak w przeczeniach i pytaniach.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Je\u015bli do <em>have <\/em>dodamy wi\u0119c <em>got,<\/em> otrzymamy wtedy:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>(mam) <em>I have (got) a car. \u2192 Have I got a car? \u2192 I have not got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(masz) <em>You have (got) a car. \u2192 Have you got a car? \u2192 You have not got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(mamy) <em>We have (got) a car. \u2192 Have we got a car ? \u2192 We have not got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(macie) <em>You have (got) a car. \u2192 Have you got a car? \u2192 You have not got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(maj\u0105) <em>They have (got) a car. \u2192 Have they got a car? \u2192 They have not got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>He, she, it<\/em> zamiast <em>have<\/em> maj\u0105 <em>has<\/em>, ale opr\u00f3cz tego r\u00f3wnie\u017c tutaj nic si\u0119 nie zmienia:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\" style=\"text-align: left;\">(ona ma)<em> She has (got) a car. \u2192 Has she got a car? \u2192 She has not got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\" style=\"text-align: left;\">(on ma) <em>He has (got) a car. \u2192 Has he got a car? \u2192 He has not got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\" style=\"text-align: left;\">(ono ma)<em> It has (got) a car. \u2192 Has it got a car? \u2192 It has not got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 lang=\"pl-PL\"><strong>W mowie potocznej u\u017cyjemy zwykle skr\u00f3conej wersji <em>have got = &#8216;ve got:<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Szczeg\u00f3lnie pe\u0142na forma przeczenia brzmi tak oficjalnie, \u017ce a\u017c k\u0142uje w uszy!<\/p>\n<p>Dlatego powiemy zwykle:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>I&#8217;ve got a car. I haven&#8217;t got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>She&#8217;s got a car. She hasn&#8217;t got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>We&#8217;ve got a car. They haven&#8217;t got a car.\u00a0 <\/em>itd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zamiast oficjalnego:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I have not go a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Tylko w pytaniach niczego nie skracamy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>Has he got a car?<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>No chyba \u017ce zadajemy tak zwane <a href=\"\/?p=14778\">pytanie negatywne <em>(negative question)<\/em><\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Hasn&#8217;t he got a car?<\/em> (Czy on nie ma auta?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ale to ju\u017c zupe\u0142nie inna historia.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5345\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5345\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5345\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/I-Have-Got-to-be-odmiana-angielski-policjant.jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"930\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5345\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>&#8220;Jakie\u015b narkotyki lub alkohol?&#8221; &#8220;Nie, dzi\u0119kuj\u0119, mam wszystko!&#8221; [Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=12310\">Jak alkohol pomaga w nauce j\u0119zyka angielskiego &#8211; szokuj\u0105ce wyniki bada\u0144 naukowych<\/a>]<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\">Przeczenia w czasie <em>present simple <\/em>mog\u0105 przyj\u0105\u0107 r\u00f3wnie\u017c poni\u017csz\u0105 form\u0119:<\/h3>\n<p><em>Got<\/em> wskoczy\u0107 nam mo\u017ce te\u017c do przecze\u0144 z <em>no<\/em>, r\u00f3wnie\u017c tu niczego nie zmieniaj\u0105c w sensie zdania. Dlatego daj\u0119 <em>got<\/em> w nawiasie &#8211; mo\u017cna go u\u017cy\u0107, ale nie trzeba. Po co go u\u017cywa\u0107? \u017beby nam lepiej brzmia\u0142o zdanie, na przyk\u0142ad je\u015bli potrzebujemy dodatkow\u0105 sylab\u0119 w naszej piosence czy wierszu&#8230;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>I have (got) no car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>You have (got) no car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>He has (got) no car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>She has (got) no car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>It has (got) no car.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Oraz w liczbie mnogiej:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>We have (got) no car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>You have (got) no car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>They have (got) no car.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Zwr\u00f3\u0107 uwag\u0119, \u017ce w tych zdaniach <em>no <\/em>znaczy raczej &#8220;\u017cadnego&#8221; ni\u017c &#8220;nie&#8221;. A dlaczego tak jest i dlaczego nie dajemy tam\u00a0<em>no<strong>t<\/strong><\/em> dowiesz si\u0119 ze wpisu:<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17617\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17617\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17617 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/no-none-not-neither-nor-cat.jpg\" alt=\"no, none, not, nope, any\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/no-none-not-neither-nor-cat.jpg 640w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/no-none-not-neither-nor-cat-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17617\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Nie tylko nie, lecz kategorycznie nie!&#8221;<\/em> Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <em><a href=\"\/?p=17607\">NO czy NOT? A mo\u017ce NONE lub ANY? Nope?<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>Do you have<\/em> czy <em>have you got?<\/em><\/h3>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">W pytaniach i przeczeniach w <a href=\"\/?p=10570\">czasie tera\u017aniejszym prostym<em> present simple<\/em><\/a> mo\u017cna te\u017c zwr\u00f3ci\u0107 si\u0119 o pomoc do naszego starego dobrego <a href=\"\/?p=7770\">czasownika posi\u0142kowego <em>do<\/em><\/a>, kt\u00f3rego i tak u\u017cywamy we wszystkich innych przypadkach poza by\u0107 i mie\u0107 (np. <em>Do you know her? I don&#8217;t like it<\/em> etc).<\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">B\u0119dzie to wtedy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>I have a car. Do I have a car? \u2194 I don&#8217;t have a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>You have a car. Do you have a car? \u2194 You don&#8217;t have a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>She has a car. Does she have a car? \u2194 She doesn&#8217;t have a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>He has a car. Does he have a car? \u2194 He doesn&#8217;t have a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>It has a car. Does it have a car? \u2194 It doesn&#8217;t have a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Oraz w liczbie mnogiej:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>We have a car. Do we have a car? \u2194 We don&#8217;t have a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>You have a car. Do you have a car? \u2194 You don&#8217;t have a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>They have a car. Do they have a car? \u2194 They don&#8217;t have a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 lang=\"pl-PL\"><strong>Generalnie nie ma r\u00f3\u017cnicy mi\u0119dzy:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>Do you have a car? = <\/em><em>Have you got a car?<\/em><\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>Does she have a car? = Has she got a car?<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>czy<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>He doesn&#8217;t have a car. = He hasn&#8217;t got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>I don&#8217;t have a car. = I haven&#8217;t got a car.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>i tak dalej.<\/p>\n<h4 lang=\"pl-PL\"><strong><em>Do<\/em> dla emfazy<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>Do<\/em> mo\u017cemy wypowiedzie\u0107 te\u017c w twierdzeniach, w kt\u00f3rych jest zwykle pomijane milczeniem. Dodatkowo podkre\u015bla wag\u0119 naszej wypowiedzi (tak zwana <a href=\"\/?p=16852\">emfaza<\/a>):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>I <strong>do<\/strong> have a car<\/em> = Ja &#8220;<strong>naprawd\u0119&#8221;<\/strong> mam auto.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9210\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9210\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9210 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/nauka-jezyka-angielskiego-od-podstaw.jpg\" alt=\"nauka jezyka angielskiego od podstaw\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9210\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=9209\">Nauka j\u0119zyka angielskiego od podstaw. Prosty Plan.<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"angielski-have-got-to-be-miec-byc-w-czasach-continuous-ciaglych\">3. Angielski <em>have got &amp; to be<\/em> w czasach ci\u0105g\u0142ych <em>(continuous)<\/em><\/h2>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">A jak angielski <em>have got<\/em> oraz angielski<em> to be<\/em> zachowywa\u0107 si\u0119 b\u0119d\u0105 czasach ci\u0105g\u0142ych <em>(continuous),<\/em> tych w kt\u00f3rych nacisk k\u0142adziemy na &#8220;dzianie si\u0119&#8221; i aktywno\u015b\u0107, a do czasownika dodajemy <a href=\"\/?p=17702\">ko\u0144c\u00f3wk\u0119<\/a><em> -ing?<\/em><\/p>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\">Angielski<em> have got<\/em> w <em>present continuous<\/em><\/h3>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">W <a href=\"\/?p=9844\"><em>present continuous <\/em><\/a>czasownik <em>to have w<\/em>yst\u0119powa\u0107 b\u0119dzie na przyk\u0142ad w kontek\u015bcie jedzenia.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Na przyk\u0142ad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>I&#8217;m having a hamburger.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Zdanie to znaczy &#8220;Jem &#8211; w tej chwili &#8211; hamburgera&#8221;. Nie u\u017cyjemy tu <em>got<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Poza jedzeniem zastosujemy t\u0119 konstrukcj\u0119 w zdaniach typu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>I&#8217;m having a break.<\/em> (Jestem na przerwie),<\/li>\n<li lang=\"pl-PL\"><em> I&#8217;m having a difficult time.<\/em> (Przechodz\u0119 teraz przez trudny okres).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\"><\/h3>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\">Angielski<em> to be<\/em> w <em>present continuous<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>To bardzo elegancka i rzadko spotykana konstrukcja.<\/p>\n<p>Na przyk\u0142ad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I&#8217;m being told off.<\/em> (W tej chwili jestem ochrzaniany.)<\/li>\n<li><em>She&#8217;s being really annoying.<\/em> (Ona w tym momencie jest naprawd\u0119 denerwuj\u0105ca.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Chocia\u017c teoretycznie jest to mo\u017cliwe, angielski <em>to be<\/em> bardzo rzadko wyst\u0119puje w formie ci\u0105g\u0142ej. Raczej ma\u0142o kto powie:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I&#8217;m being malicious.<\/em> (W tej chwili moje zachowanie nosi znamiona z\u0142o\u015bliwo\u015bci.).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>tylko po prostu powiemy w <a href=\"\/?p=10570\"><em>present simple<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I&#8217;m malicious<\/em> (Z\u0142o\u015bliwy jestem go\u015b\u0107 z natury.).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">A jak wygl\u0105da\u0107 b\u0119dzie odmiana czasownika <em>to have<\/em> (mie\u0107) &amp; <em>to be<\/em> (by\u0107) w innych czasach gramatycznych?<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"angielski-have-got-to-be-w-czasach-przeszlych-past\">4. Angielski <em>have got<\/em> oraz <em>to be<\/em> w przesz\u0142o\u015bci<\/h2>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\">Odmiana angielskiego <em>to be<\/em> w czasie przesz\u0142ym <em>past simple<\/em>:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>(By\u0142em smutny. Nie by\u0142em smutny. Czy by\u0142em smutny?) <em><strong>I<\/strong><strong> was<\/strong> sad.\u00a0\u2192 I wasn&#8217;t sad.\u00a0\u2192 Was I sad?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(By\u0142a\u015b\/by\u0142e\u015b)<em> You were sad.\u00a0\u2192 You weren&#8217;t sad.\u00a0\u2192 Were you sad?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(Ona by\u0142a) <em><strong>She was<\/strong> sad.\u00a0\u2192 She wasn&#8217;t sad.\u00a0\u2192 Was she sad?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(On by\u0142) <em><strong>He was<\/strong> sad.\u00a0\u2192 He wasn&#8217;t sad.\u00a0\u2192 Was he sad?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(To by\u0142o)<em><strong> It was<\/strong> sad.\u00a0\u2192 It wasn&#8217;t sad.\u00a0\u2192 Was it sad?<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Oraz w liczbie mnogiej:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>(Byli\u015bmy) We<em> were sad.\u00a0\u2192 We weren&#8217;t sad.\u00a0\u2192 Were we sad?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(Byli\u015bcie) You<em> were sad.\u00a0\u2192 You weren&#8217;t sad.\u00a0\u2192 Were you sad?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(Oni byli) They<em> were sad.\u00a0\u2192They weren&#8217;t sad.\u00a0\u2192 Were they sad?<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>Czyli <strong><em>I, she, he, it was<\/em>, <\/strong>a reszta to <em><strong>were.<\/strong><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>W <a href=\"\/?p=9917\"><em>past continuous<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<em>to be<\/em> wygl\u0105da\u0107 b\u0119dzie natomiast na przyk\u0142ad tak:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><em>She was being dishonest.<\/em> (Ona by\u0142a wtedy nieuczciwa.)<\/li>\n<li><em>We were being very enthusiastic.<\/em> (Zachowywali\u015bmy si\u0119 w bardzo entuzjastyczny spos\u00f3b)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To r\u00f3wnie\u017c nie rodzaj konstrukcji gramatycznych, kt\u00f3re cz\u0119sto us\u0142yszysz na ulicy.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14811\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14811\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14811\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/kiedy-was-a-kiedy-were-odmiana-to-be-czas-przeszlym-past-simple-continuos.jpg\" alt=\"Kiedy was a kiedy were? Odmiana to be w czasie przesz\u0142ym past simple\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/kiedy-was-a-kiedy-were-odmiana-to-be-czas-przeszlym-past-simple-continuos.jpg 640w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/kiedy-was-a-kiedy-were-odmiana-to-be-czas-przeszlym-past-simple-continuos-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14811\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=14808\">Kiedy was a kiedy were? Odmiana &#8220;to be&#8221; w czasie przesz\u0142ym past simple &amp; past continuous.<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\">Angielski<em> have &amp; have got<\/em> w czasie przesz\u0142ym <em>simple past<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Przesz\u0142\u0105 form\u0105 <a href=\"\/?p=577\">czasownika nieregularnego<\/a> <em>to have<\/em> jest <em>had<\/em>. Tak samo dla wszystkich os\u00f3b.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I had a car. She had a car. We all had a car!<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(Ja mia\u0142em samoch\u00f3d. Ona mia\u0142a samoch\u00f3d. My wszyscy mieli\u015bmy samoch\u00f3d!)<\/p>\n<p>Albo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>We didn&#8217;t have a car. He didn&#8217;t have a car. Nobody had a car!<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(My nie mieli\u015bmy auta. On nie mia\u0142 auta. Nikt nie mia\u0142 auta!)<\/p>\n<p>Lub:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Did you have a car? Did she have a car? Who had a car?<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(Czy ty mia\u0142a\u015b auto? Czy ona mia\u0142a auto? Kto mia\u0142 auto?)<\/p>\n<h4><strong>A co z<em> have got<\/em> w <em>past simple<\/em> (czyli <em>had got)?<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Teoretycznie mo\u017cna u\u017cywa\u0107. Po prostu zamieniamy <em>have got<\/em> na <em>had got<\/em> we wszystkich osobach.<\/p>\n<p>Na przyk\u0142ad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em> I have got no money. \u2192 I had got no money.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#8230;ale nie jest to co\u015b co by\u015bmy naprawd\u0119 us\u0142yszeli na ulicy czy nawet w pi\u015bmie, brzmi to raczej dziwnie, dlatego odradzam.<\/p>\n<p>Cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 j\u0119zykoznawc\u00f3w uwa\u017ca, \u017ce jest to wr\u0119cz b\u0142\u0119dna forma i mo\u017cna jej u\u017cywa\u0107 tylko w sensie dostania (jako trzecia forma od <em>get<\/em> w<a href=\"\/?p=9685\"> <em>past perfect<\/em><\/a>: <em>get-got-<strong>got<\/strong>)<\/em> np. <em>I had got a car<\/em> (By\u0142em dosta\u0142em auto), natomiast <em>I had got a car<\/em> (w sensie mia\u0142em auto) uznaj\u0105 za b\u0142\u0105d. Nie zawraca\u0142bym sobie tym szczeg\u00f3lnie g\u0142owy.<\/p>\n<p>Dlatego po prostu odradzam u\u017cywa\u0107 <em>got <\/em>w czasie<em>\u00a0<a href=\"\/?p=5109\">simple past<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>To have<\/em> w czasie<em> past continuous<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>W czasie przesz\u0142ym <a href=\"\/?p=9917\"><em>past continuous <\/em><\/a>mo\u017cemy powiedzie\u0107 na przyk\u0142ad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I was having a breakfast. <\/em>(Jad\u0142em \u015bniadanie).<\/li>\n<li><em>She was having lots of fun.<\/em> (Ona \u015bwietnie si\u0119 bawi\u0142a)<\/li>\n<li><em>We were having an interesting conversation<\/em>. (Prowadzili\u015bmy ciekaw\u0105 rozmow\u0119.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tutaj \u017cadnego\u00a0<em>got <\/em>r\u00f3wnie\u017c nie u\u017cyjemy.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_238\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-238\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-238\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/past-300x259.jpg\" alt=\"Angielskie czasy przesz\u0142e past simple continuous\" width=\"640\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/past-300x259.jpg 300w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/past-768x664.jpg 768w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/past.jpg 833w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-238\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=230\">Angielskie czasy przesz\u0142e &#8211; zestawienie<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"angielski-have-got-to-be-w-czasach-przyszlych-future\">5. Angielski<em> have got<\/em> oraz angielski <em>to be<\/em> w przysz\u0142o\u015bci<\/h2>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\">Angielski <em>to be<\/em> w czasie przysz\u0142ym<em> future simple<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>To chyba najprostszy z mo\u017cliwych wariant\u00f3w, po prostu<em> will + be<\/em> w ka\u017cdej osobie:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>(B\u0119d\u0119 szcz\u0119\u015bliwy. Nie b\u0119d\u0119 szcz\u0119\u015bliwy. Czy b\u0119d\u0119 szcz\u0119\u015bliwy?)<em> I will be happy.\u00a0\u2192 I won&#8217;t be happy.\u00a0\u2192 Will I be happy?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(B\u0119dziesz) <em>You will be happy.\u00a0\u2192 You won&#8217;t be happy.\u00a0\u2192 Will you be happy?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(Ona\/on\/to b\u0119dzie)<em> She\/he\/it will be happy.\u00a0\u2192 She\/he\/it won&#8217;t be happy.\u00a0\u2192 Will she\/he\/it be happy?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>(My\/wy\/oni b\u0119d\u0105) <em>We\/you\/they will be happy. \u2192 We\/you\/they won&#8217;t be happy. \u2192 Will we\/you\/they be happy?<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\"><\/h3>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\">Angielski <em>have got<\/em> w przysz\u0142o\u015bci<\/h3>\n<p>Angielski <em>have got<\/em> w przysz\u0142o\u015bci wygl\u0105da podobnie jak angielski<em> have got<\/em> w przesz\u0142o\u015bci &#8211; teoretycznie mo\u017cna&#8230; ale raczej nie u\u017cyjemy <em>got<\/em>, po prostu samo <em>have<\/em>&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Znowu, chyba \u017ce chodzi nie o to, \u017ce co\u015b posiadamy, ale \u017ce co\u015b dostali\u015bmy: <em>I will have got a present<\/em> (czyli <em>get<\/em> w czasie <em>future perfect<\/em> a nie w zwyk\u0142ym\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/angielski-czas-przyszly-prosty-future-simple-will-shall-wrozka\/\"><em>future simple<\/em><\/a>). W ameryka\u0144skim i kanadyjskim angielskim, powiemy wtedy jednak raczej <em>I have <strong>gotten<\/strong> a car<\/em>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_277\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-277\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-277 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/czasy-przyszle-will-going-to-future-continuous.jpg\" alt=\"Czytaj r\u00f3wnie\u017c o angielskich czasach przysz\u0142ych\" width=\"640\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/czasy-przyszle-will-going-to-future-continuous.jpg 640w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/czasy-przyszle-will-going-to-future-continuous-300x177.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-277\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Czytaj r\u00f3wnie\u017c o <a href=\"\/?p=276\">angielskich czasach przysz\u0142ych future simple, future continuous i going to.<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"have-got-to-be-byc-miec-angielski-czasy-perfect\">6. Angielski have got oraz angielski to be w perfektach<\/h2>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\">Angielski to be w perfektach<\/h3>\n<p>Na koniec skomplikujmy spraw\u0119 ju\u017c do ko\u0144ca! W zwyk\u0142ym perfekcie (<a href=\"\/?p=5154\"><em>present perfect\u00a0simple<\/em><\/a>) po prostu stosujemy trzeci\u0105 form\u0119 (<em>be\u2192was\/were\u2192<strong>been<\/strong><\/em>) jak w przypadku ka\u017cdego innego s\u0142owa czyli<em> I <strong>have been<\/strong> happy<\/em>. Nie ma tu \u017cadnej filozofii.<\/p>\n<p>W <em>present perfect continuous<\/em> natomiast, jako \u017ce sama konstrukcja \u00a0zawiera s\u0142\u00f3wko<em> to be<\/em> w roli <a href=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/auxiliary-verbs-czasowniki-posilkowe\/\">czasownika posi\u0142kowego<\/a> (<em>have been<\/em>). Konstrukcja <del><em>I have been being happy<\/em><\/del> brzmi zbyt niedorzecznie, \u017ceby jej u\u017cywa\u0107.<\/p>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\">Angielski <em>have got<\/em> w <em>present perfect<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Tu zdecydowanie u\u017cyjemy<strong> samego <em>had<\/em> bez <em>got<\/em><\/strong>, na przyk\u0142ad<em> I have had a cake<\/em>\u00a0(dobrze) a na pewno nie<del><em> I have had got a cake<\/em><\/del> (\u017ale).<\/p>\n<p>Konstrukcj\u0119 z <em>got<\/em> w <em>present perfect continuous<\/em> wr\u0119cz trudno sobie wyobrazi\u0107, tak bardzo nienaturalnie brzmi (<del><em>I have been having got a lunch for two hours<\/em><\/del> &#8211; straszne toto!). Tak samo w <em>past<\/em> perfect powiemy<em>\u00a0I had had a meeting<\/em> (dobrze) a nie<del><em> I had had got a meeting<\/em><\/del> (\u017ale).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_258\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-258\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-258 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/perfect.jpg\" alt=\"Czas present perfect, present perfect continuous, past perfect, future perfect\" width=\"640\" height=\"382\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/perfect.jpg 640w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/perfect-300x179.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-258\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=252\">Czas present perfect, present perfect continuous, past perfect, future perfect&#8230; Ach te angielskie perfekcje!<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"jak-najlepiej-cwiczyc-odmiane-to-be-have-got\">7. Jak najlepiej \u0107wiczy\u0107 odmian\u0119 <em>to be &amp; to have got?<\/em><\/h2>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Masz ju\u017c dosy\u0107 ca\u0142ej tej gramatyki?<\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">W og\u00f3le Ci si\u0119 nie dziwi\u0119!<\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Tym bardziej, \u017ce je\u015bli chcesz naprawd\u0119 poprawnie u\u017cywa\u0107 <em>have got &amp; to be,<\/em> to musisz nauczy\u0107 si\u0119 stosowa\u0107 je w praktyce!<\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Dlatego najlepiej zapisz si\u0119 na <a href=\"\/?p=13518\">kurs j\u0119zyka angielskiego\u00a0polegaj\u0105cy na rozmowie<\/a> &#8211; wtedy jak dziecko pod\u015bwiadomie przyswoisz ca\u0142\u0105 t\u0119 gramatyk\u0119 i b\u0119dziesz swobodnie i poprawnie m\u00f3wi\u0107 po angielsku wcale si\u0119 nad tym wszystkim nie zastanawiaj\u0105c!<\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Zbudujesz w ten spos\u00f3b nawyk poprawnego m\u00f3wienia. Zamiast zastanawia\u0107 si\u0119 nad poprawn\u0105 form\u0105, po prostu powiesz, co chcesz powiedzie\u0107!<\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Polecam tu oczywi\u015bcie <a href=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/kurs-jezyka-angielskiego-online\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kurs j\u0119zyka angielskiego online Speakingo<\/a>. Ogl\u0105dasz pi\u0119kne zdj\u0119cie, odpowiadasz na pytania native speakera, a Tw\u00f3j komputer czy telefon chwali Ci\u0119 lub poprawia.<\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">To nie tylko skuteczna, ale r\u00f3wnie\u017c prosta i przyjemna metoda nauki angielskiego!<\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\">Zreszt\u0105 najlepiej zarejestruj si\u0119 dwoma klikni\u0119ciami poni\u017cej, \u017ceby przez tydzie\u0144 za darmo wypr\u00f3bowa\u0107, czy odpowiada Ci taka metoda nauki angielskiego!<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Zapisz si\u0119 na kurs j\u0119zyka angielskiego online Speakingo!<\/h3>\n<h3 lang=\"pl-PL\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><button type=\"button\" id=\"openLoginModal\"  class=\"btn signup-btn \" href=\"javascript:void(0)\" data-redirect_to=\"\" onclick=\"doAuth(this);\">Start learning<\/button><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Chcesz rozumie\u0107 Anglik\u00f3w? Zacznij m\u00f3wi\u0107 jak oni!<\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>Uff<a href=\"https:\/\/agendaweb.org\/verbs\/be-can-do-have-worksheets-lessons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">,<\/a> to ju\u017c chyba znacie ca\u0142y angielski have got i to be? Tak wi\u0119c pozostaje jedynie pytanie &#8220;by\u0107 czy mie\u0107:? \ud83d\ude42<\/em><\/p>\n<p lang=\"pl-PL\"><em>Je\u015bli co\u015b jeszcze jest nie jasne, pytajcie \u015bmia\u0142o w komentarzach!<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By\u0107 czy mie\u0107? Dobre pytanie! W tym wpisie nauczymy si\u0119 jednak czego\u015b zgo\u0142a mniej filozoficznego &#8211; jak odmienia\u0107 i u\u017cywa\u0107 w r\u00f3\u017cnych czasach gramatycznych j\u0119zyka angielskiego czasowniki to be oraz have got.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":164,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,1686],"tags":[20,19,21],"class_list":["post-156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatyka-angielska","category-poziom-poczatkujacy-a1-a2-beginner","tag-to-be","tag-to-have-got","tag-unit-1"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.7 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>By\u0107 czy mie\u0107? 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