{"id":15419,"date":"2020-07-16T13:46:24","date_gmt":"2020-07-16T11:46:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/?p=15419"},"modified":"2021-12-02T14:24:52","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T13:24:52","slug":"ever-never-before-lubia-czas-present-perfect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/ever-never-before-lubia-czas-present-perfect\/","title":{"rendered":"Ever, never &#038; before lubi\u0105 czas present perfect"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Angielski czas <em>present perfect<\/em> lubi wyst\u0119powa\u0107 z takimi s\u0142owami jak <em>ever<\/em> (kiedykolwiek), <em>never<\/em> (nigdy), <em>before<\/em> (wcze\u015bniej). Jak to b\u0119dzie wygl\u0105da\u0142o w praktyce?<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\/Na obrazku: Czasami zastanawiam si\u0119 czy kiedykolwiek dwukrotnie kupi\u0142em mleko od tej samej krowy\/<\/p>\n<h2>Kiedy u\u017cywamy czasu <em>present perfect?<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>Dla przypomnienia, angielskiego czasu <a href=\"\/?p=5154\"><em>present perfect<\/em><\/a> u\u017cywamy w sytuacjach, gdy co\u015b z przesz\u0142o\u015bci wp\u0142ywa nam na tera\u017aniejszo\u015b\u0107. <a href=\"\/?p=5154\"><em>Present perfect<\/em><\/a> to taki czas przesz\u0142o-tera\u017aniejszy &#8211; dlatego jest \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142em nieko\u0144cz\u0105cych si\u0119 &#8220;uciech&#8221; dla uczni\u00f3w, kt\u00f3rych j\u0119zyki ojczyste (np. polski) nie maj\u0105 takiej konstrukcji w swoim asortymencie. A w j\u0119zyku angielskim jest to jeden z najpopularniejszych czas\u00f3w, wi\u0119c warto go sobie po\u0107wiczy\u0107!<\/p>\n<p>Dlatego w\u0142asnie tak dobrze &#8220;dodaje si\u0119&#8221; z takimi s\u0142\u00f3wkami jak:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>ever<\/em> (kiedykolwiek),<\/li>\n<li><em>never<\/em> (nigdy dot\u0105d),<\/li>\n<li><em>before<\/em> (jak dot\u0105d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>poniewa\u017c z natury \u0142\u0105cz\u0105 one przesz\u0142o\u015b\u0107 z tera\u017aniejszo\u015bci\u0105.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5163\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5163\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5163\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/czas-present-perfect-simple.jpg\" alt=\"present perfect simple\" width=\"640\" height=\"470\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5163\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=5154\">Doskona\u0142a tera\u017aniejszo\u015b\u0107 angielskiego czasu present perfect.<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><em>Ever<\/em> w czasie <em>present perfect<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>Dobrym przyk\u0142adem jest tu s\u0142owo\u00a0<em>ever<\/em> czyli &#8220;kiedykolwiek&#8221;. Je\u015bli dobrze si\u0119 temu przyjrze\u0107, &#8220;kiedykolwiek&#8221; znaczy &#8220;jako\u015b tak w okresie mi\u0119dzy przesz\u0142o\u015bci\u0105 a tera\u017aniejszo\u015bci\u0105&#8221;. Nie m\u00f3wimy konkretnie kiedy co\u015b si\u0119 wydarzy\u0142o lub nie, interesuje nas czy w tym momencie kto\u015b dysponuje danym do\u015bwiadczeniem. Czyli zasadniczo jest to definicja kontekstu, w jakim u\u017cywa\u0107 powinni\u015bmy czasu <em>present perfect!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Dlatego w\u0142a\u015bnie s\u0142owo\u00a0<em>ever<\/em> cz\u0119sto wplata\u0107 b\u0119dziemy w zdania w tym czasie. Na przyk\u0142ad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>It is the worst film I have ever seen<\/em>. (To najgorszy <a href=\"\/?p=12121\">film<\/a>, jaki kiedykolwiek widzia\u0142em.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zdanie to m\u00f3wi nam o ca\u0142ym baga\u017cu przesz\u0142ych do\u015bwiadcze\u0144, kt\u00f3ry wp\u0142ywa na nasz\u0105 aktualn\u0105 ocen\u0119 kunsztu kinematograficznego re\u017cysera omawianej produkcji.<\/p>\n<p>Albo jak w tym memie w trzeciej osobie liczby pojedynczej (czyli z <em>has<\/em> zamiast <em>have):<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5159\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5159\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-5159\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/present-perfect-star.jpg.webp\" alt=\"czas present perfect\" width=\"640\" height=\"575\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5159\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Czy kto\u015b kiedykolwiek Ci powiedzia\u0142 (\u017ce) wygl\u0105dasz jak gwiazda filmowa&#8230;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Albo<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Nothing like this has\u00a0ever happened in our town.<\/em> (Nic takiego nigdy jak dot\u0105d nie wydarzy\u0142o si\u0119 w naszym miasteczku.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zwykle jednak <em>ever<\/em> wyst\u0119powa\u0107 b\u0119dzie w pytaniach:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Have you ever seen a crocodile?<\/em> (Czy kiedykolwiek widzia\u0142e\u015b krokodyla?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pytania z <em>ever<\/em> w czasie <em>present perfect<\/em> po\u0107wiczy\u0107 mo\u017cesz sobie dodatkowo w poni\u017cszej piosence:<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8643\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8643\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8643 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/brandy-norwood-have-you-ever-present-perfect-tense.jpg\" alt=\"have you ever\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8643\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=8641\">Brandy w piosence r&#8217;n&#8217;b &#8220;Have you ever&#8221; o mi\u0142o\u015bci i pytaniach w czasie present perfect.<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><em>Never<\/em> w czasie <em>present perfect<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>Bardzo podobnie wygl\u0105da sytuacja z\u00a0<em>never<\/em> czyli &#8220;nigdy&#8221;, chocia\u017c w kontek\u015bcie czasu <em>present perfect<\/em> powiedzia\u0142bym raczej &#8220;nigdy dot\u0105d&#8221;. Na przyk\u0142ad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>He has never had sex.<\/em> (On nigdy dot\u0105d nie uprawia\u0142 seksu.)<\/li>\n<li><em>I&#8217;ve never been to Brazil.<\/em> (Ja nigdy &#8211; jak dot\u0105d -nie by\u0142em w Brazylii.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pami\u0119taj tylko, \u017ce <em>never<\/em> samo w sobie jest ju\u017c przeczeniem, a w j\u0119zyku angielskim <a href=\"\/?p=9526\">unikamy podw\u00f3jnych &#8211; a ju\u017c tym bardziej potr\u00f3jnych! &#8211; zaprzecze\u0144.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Dlatego polskiego zdania &#8220;Nigdy nikogo nie spotka\u0142em&#8221; nie przet\u0142umaczymy jako\u00a0<del><em>I have never not met nobody<\/em><\/del> tylko u\u017cyjemy jedynie jednego zaprzeczenia (to wyt\u0142uszczone s\u0142owo poni\u017cej):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I have <strong>never<\/strong> met anybody.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>I have met <strong>nobody<\/strong>.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>I have <strong>not<\/strong> met anybody.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9552\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9552\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9552\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/double-negation-podwojne-zaprzeczenie-1.jpg\" alt=\"podw\u00f3jne zaprzeczenia angielski double negative\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9552\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=9526\">Powiedz stanowcze \u201eNIE!\u201d podw\u00f3jnym przeczeniom w j\u0119zyku angielskim!<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><i>Before <\/i>w czasie <em>present perfect<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>Do tego doda\u0107 mo\u017cemy sobie r\u00f3wnie\u017c\u00a0<em>before,\u00a0<\/em>kt\u00f3re w kontek\u015bcie czasu <em>present perfect<\/em> b\u0119dzie znaczy\u0107 &#8220;wcze\u015bniej&#8221;, &#8220;jak do tej pory&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Na przyk\u0142ad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I&#8217;ve seen it before!<\/em> (Ju\u017c to widzia\u0142em wcze\u015bniej!)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mo\u017cna te\u017c &#8211; dla dodatkowego dramatyzmu &#8211; u\u017cy\u0107 zar\u00f3wno <em>before<\/em> jak i <em>never:\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I have never seen it before!<\/em> (Nigdy wcze\u015bniej tego nie widzia\u0142em!)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Albo <em>before + ever:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Have you ever seen it before?<\/em> (Czy kiedykolwiek ju\u017c to widzia\u0142e\u015b?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_15383\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15383\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-15383\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/been-to-gone-to-forever.jpg\" alt=\"been to gone to\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/been-to-gone-to-forever.jpg 640w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/been-to-gone-to-forever-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-15383\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>&#8220;Nie ma Ci\u0119 ju\u017c ca\u0142\u0105 wieczno\u015b\u0107. Liczy\u0142em&#8221; Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=15380\">Have been to czy have gone to wakacje?<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>\u0106wiczenia na <em>ever, never, before<\/em> i czas <em>present perfect simple<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>Jak widzisz, teoria nie jest tu jako\u015b szczeg\u00f3lnie skomplikowana.<\/p>\n<p>Co z tego jednak, skoro w praktyce zamiast czasu <em>present perfect<\/em> uparcie wychodzi nam z ust <a href=\"\/?p=10570\"><em>present simple<\/em><\/a> albo <a href=\"\/?p=5109\"><em>past simple,<\/em><\/a> bo do takich konstrukcji przyzwyczajeni jeste\u015bmy w j\u0119zyku polskim i pod\u015bwiadomie kopiujemy je w j\u0119zyku angielskim?<\/p>\n<p>Do tego potrzebujemy \u0107wicze\u0144, \u0107wicze\u0144 i jeszcze raz \u0107wicze\u0144!<\/p>\n<p>Jest tu jednak drobny niuans. Je\u015bli b\u0119dziemy \u0107wiczy\u0107 tylko oczami na papierze, by\u0107 mo\u017ce b\u0119dziemy w stanie co\u015b napisa\u0107, ale niekoniecznie powiedzie\u0107. Je\u015bli chcemy m\u00f3wi\u0107 poprawnie, musimy wyrobi\u0107 sobie nawyk m\u00f3wienia w poprawny spos\u00f3b, poniewa\u017c w rzeczywistej rozmowie po angielsku nie masz czasu na zastanawianie si\u0119 nad regu\u0142kami gramatycznymi!<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13520\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13520\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13520\" src=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jak-nauczyc-sie-mowic-po-angielsku-samemu-w-domu.jpg\" alt=\"Jak nauczy\u0107 si\u0119 m\u00f3wi\u0107 po angielsku samemu w domu?\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jak-nauczyc-sie-mowic-po-angielsku-samemu-w-domu.jpg 640w, https:\/\/speakingo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jak-nauczyc-sie-mowic-po-angielsku-samemu-w-domu-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13520\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Patrz r\u00f3wnie\u017c: <a href=\"\/?p=13518\">Jak nauczy\u0107 si\u0119 m\u00f3wi\u0107 po angielsku samemu w domu?<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Dlatego <a href=\"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/kurs-jezyka-angielskiego-online\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">kurs j\u0119zyka angielskiego online Speakingo<\/a> polega na \u0107wiczeniach, kt\u00f3re wykonujesz gard\u0142em, a nie tylko &#8220;oczami&#8221;!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/?p=786\">Na kursie rozmawiasz z komputerem,<\/a> \u0107wiczysz poprawne konstrukcje i 2000 najpopularniejszych angielskich s\u0142\u00f3w. Bez stresu i dojazd\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p>Komputer lub <a href=\"\/?p=8563\">telefon<\/a> Ci\u0119 chwali lub poprawia. A Ty uczysz si\u0119 jak dziecko swego ojczystego j\u0119zyka &#8211; w pewnym momencie po prostu &#8220;czujesz, \u017ce tak si\u0119 m\u00f3wi&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Zreszt\u0105 wypr\u00f3buj najlepiej czy odpowiada Ci <a href=\"\/?p=513\">taka metoda nauki j\u0119zyka angielskiego<\/a>. Zarejestruj si\u0119 dwoma klikni\u0119ciami poni\u017cej, by skorzysta\u0107 z darmowego okresu pr\u00f3bnego!<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Zapisz si\u0119 na kurs j\u0119zyka angielskiego online Speakingo!<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><button type=\"button\" id=\"openLoginModal\"  class=\"btn signup-btn \" href=\"javascript:void(0)\" data-redirect_to=\"\" onclick=\"doAuth(this);\">Start learning<\/button><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Chcesz rozumie\u0107 Anglik\u00f3w? Zacznij m\u00f3wi\u0107 jak oni!<\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>Czy wiesz ju\u017c jak u\u017cywa\u0107 ever, never i before w czasie present perfect? Je\u015bli co\u015b jest nadal niejasne, zadaj pytanie w komentarzu!<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Angielski czas present perfect lubi wyst\u0119powa\u0107 z takimi s\u0142owami jak ever (kiedykolwiek), never (nigdy), before (wcze\u015bniej). Jak to b\u0119dzie wygl\u0105da\u0142o w praktyce?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15420,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,1687,13],"tags":[2616,2617,123,2618,579],"class_list":["post-15419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatyka-angielska","category-poziom-sredniozaawansowany-b1-b2-intermediate","category-slowka-idiomy","tag-before","tag-ever","tag-gramatyka","tag-never","tag-present-perfect"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.7 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ever, never &amp; before lubi\u0105 czas present perfect &#8902; Angielski ze Speakingo &#8902;<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Angielski czas present perfect lubi wyst\u0119powa\u0107 ze s\u0142owami ever (kiedykolwiek), never (nigdy), before (jak dot\u0105d). 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