{"id":63551,"date":"2022-11-29T19:17:09","date_gmt":"2022-11-29T18:17:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/?p=63551"},"modified":"2022-11-29T19:17:11","modified_gmt":"2022-11-29T18:17:11","slug":"nejoblibenejsi-anglicka-prijmeni-jejich-puvod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/speakingo.com\/cs\/nejoblibenejsi-anglicka-prijmeni-jejich-puvod\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anglick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed a jejich p\u016fvod"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pod\u00edvejte se, jak\u00e1 jsou nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anglick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed, co znamenaj\u00ed a odkud poch\u00e1zej\u00ed. Kdo je „Anglick\u00fd Nov\u00e1k“?<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Na meme: Mluv\u00ed\u0161 anglicky? Ano. Jak se jmenuje\u0161? Ano.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u016fvod anglick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii se p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed za\u010dala pou\u017e\u00edvat po roce 1066, tedy pot\u00e9, co Norman\u00e9 (tj. Vikingov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed kolonizovali Francii) \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b napadli britsk\u00e9 Anglosasy. P\u0159inesli s sebou i nepravideln\u00e1 slovesa<\/a>, ale o tom se dnes nebav\u00edme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed \u2013 stejn\u011b jako v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice \u2013 odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed profesi dan\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka. Na ot\u00e1zku, kdo je \u201eAnglick\u00fd Nov\u00e1k\u201c, neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 nikdo jin\u00fd ne\u017e Smith<\/em>, co\u017e je v angli\u010dtin\u011b \u201ekov\u00e1\u0159\u201c. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee na za\u010d\u00e1tku byla p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed docela prom\u011bnliv\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee kdy\u017e \u010dlov\u011bk zm\u011bnil zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, mohl se John Smith st\u00e1t Johnem Thatcherem (mu\u017e, kter\u00fd stav\u00ed do\u0161ky na domy) nebo naopak1<\/a><\/sup>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b toho jsou anglick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed odvozena od konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho regionu nebo m\u00edsta. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Samuel Preston (pr\u00e1v\u011b jsem rok \u017eil v tomto m\u011bst\u011b na severu Anglie) nebo Jack London. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anglick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed mohou tak\u00e9 obsahovat jm\u00e9no otce. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee Peter’s son<\/em> – \u201ePetr\u016fv syn\u201c – dostal p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed Peterson nebo prost\u011b Peters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bkdy se jm\u00e9no vyvinulo a\u017e do hodnosti p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed, nebo takovou funkci dostalo druh\u00e9 jm\u00e9no z potvrzen\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad John Gilbert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Imigrace tak\u00e9 nen\u00ed bez vlivu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad dnes velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm anglick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00edm je Indian Patel \u2013 t\u0159et\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed v Lond\u00fdn\u011b2<\/a><\/sup>. Dnes je to i hodn\u011b polsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed, t\u0159eba Nov\u00e1k. \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed v angli\u010dtin\u011b je surname<\/strong><\/em> nebo last name?<\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii je zvykem uv\u00e1d\u011bt nejprve k\u0159estn\u00ed jm\u00e9no a pot\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed. Proto se b\u011b\u017en\u011b uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed je „last name<\/em>„. Proto je surname<\/em> p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pojmem, zejm\u00e9na pokud se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mimo Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, kde se zvyky mohou li\u0161it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"sasky
Viz tak\u00e9: Pro\u010d je anglick\u00fd genitiv Saxon a kdy pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me p\u0159ivlast\u0148ovac\u00ed ‚s?<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anglick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jak\u00e1 jsou nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii? V\u011bdci z University of West England<\/a> se \u010dty\u0159i roky zab\u00fdvali p\u016fvodem r\u016fzn\u00fdch anglick\u00fdch jmen. Prozkoumejme 25 nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch anglick\u00fdch jmen a pod\u00edvejme se, co zjistili o jejich p\u016fvodu:<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anglick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed je Smith nebo n\u00e1\u0161 „anglick\u00fd Nov\u00e1k“.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u017eije 546 960 „Nov\u00e1k\u016f“. Tento anglick\u00fd n\u00e1zev je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b odvozen od povol\u00e1n\u00ed obl\u00edben\u00e9ho ve st\u0159edov\u011bku – kov\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Na druh\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b je jm\u00e9no Jones<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Hned za „Nowakem“ je Jones s 422 023 lidmi s t\u00edmto jm\u00e9nem v pasu. P\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed se stalo popul\u00e1rn\u00edm a\u017e v 18. a 19. stolet\u00ed a je odvozeno od lidov\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na Jon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vznikl dokonce takov\u00fd idiom: to keep up with the Joneses<\/em>, co\u017e doslova znamen\u00e1 „dr\u017eet krok, vyrovnat se Jonesov\u00fdm“, tj. neb\u00fdt hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e soused. Kdy\u017e si on koup\u00ed seka\u010dku na tr\u00e1vu s vlastn\u00edm pohonem, mus\u00edm si ji koupit i j\u00e1, a tak d\u00e1le.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Williams<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

294 625 anglick\u00fdch Williams\u016f odvozuje sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed od lidov\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na William, kter\u00e9 si Angli\u010dan\u00e9 ve st\u0159edov\u011bku vyp\u016fj\u010dili z n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho Willihelm, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 „touha a ochrana“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Taylor<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Taylor<\/em> znamen\u00e1 „krej\u010d\u00ed“, i kdy\u017e dnes budeme slovo tail<\/strong>or<\/em> hl\u00e1skovat. A ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed jich je 250 780, nejen Elisabeth (a\u010dkoli, pravda, here\u010dka byla Ameri\u010danka).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Davies<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Slavn\u00fd historik Norman Davies se jmenuje po jednom ze sv\u00fdch vel\u0161sk\u00fdch praprapraprarodi\u010d\u016f, kter\u00fd se jmenoval Dafydd. A dnes m\u00e1 215 074 „p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Anglick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed Brown<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Brown<\/em> je v angli\u010dtin\u011b hn\u011bd\u00e1 barva<\/a>, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159ezd\u00edvka pro \u010dlov\u011bka s hn\u011bd\u00fdmi vlasy nebo plet\u00ed. P\u0159esto\u017ee v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b existuje 195 410 Brown\u016f, doporu\u010duji b\u00fdt p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto p\u0159ezd\u00edvek opatrn\u00fd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Wilson<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Wilson nebo ‚son of Will‘<\/em> – syn Will\u016fv nebo William\u016fv (186 540 osob).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. Evans<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Evan je vel\u0161sk\u00fd ekvivalent anglick\u00e9ho John (Jan). Ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed je jich 171 816.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. Thomas<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

159 643 Angli\u010dan\u016f se jmenuje Thomas podle svat\u00e9ho Tom\u00e1\u0161e. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

10. Johnson<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Naproti tomu premi\u00e9r Boris Johnson je zjevn\u011b pravnukem n\u011bjak\u00e9ho Johna. Je jich 151 518. Samotn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no John (Jan) je odvozeno z hebrejsk\u00e9ho Johanan (Jochanan), co\u017e znamen\u00e1 „Jahv\u016fv obl\u00edbenec“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Jak<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si tak\u00e9<\/em>: Jak rychle a efektivn\u011b se m\u016f\u017eete nau\u010dit anglicky sami<\/em>?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

11. Anglick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed Roberts<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Druhou des\u00edtku se 145 968 lidmi otev\u00edr\u00e1 anglick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed Roberts. Je odvozeno od normansk\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na Robert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

12. Walker<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee Johnny Walker na obalu popul\u00e1rn\u00ed whisky nen\u00ed ani tak „Putov\u00e1n\u00ed Honza“ (to walk<\/em> = chodit), ale sp\u00ed\u0161e… F\u00f3li\u00e9r nebo Peltier, osoba, kter\u00e1 f\u00f3liuje, tj. bi\u010duje l\u00e1tky, aby byly siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. A muselo jich b\u00fdt docela dost, proto\u017ee ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed dnes \u017eije 133 929 Walker\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

13. Wright<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159edkov\u00e9 brat\u0159\u00ed Wright\u016f (dnes 130 416 Brit\u016f) museli b\u00fdt stavitel\u00e9, tesa\u0159i nebo truhl\u00e1\u0159i, d\u011bln\u00edci stav\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad lod\u011b, proto\u017ee tak bychom p\u0159elo\u017eili slovo wright<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

14. Robinson<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Robinson je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b „son of Robin“<\/em> nebo „son of Robert“<\/em> (128 225 takov\u00fdch jmen). Ano, ano, v nottinghamsk\u00fdch les\u00edch se potuloval Robert Kapuce (Robin Hood).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

15. Thompson<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Thompson (nebo skotsky Thomson) je syn Thomase (Tom’s son)<\/em> a je jich 127 966.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

16. White<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ve st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 Anglii se lidem se sv\u011btl\u00fdmi vlasy nebo plet\u00ed \u0159\u00edkalo „b\u00edl\u00ed“ (123 667 jmen). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

17. Hughes<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

120 505 Brit\u016f nese jm\u00e9no Hugh, kter\u00e9 je zase odvozeno od germ\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho Hugo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

18. Edwards<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed Edwards (118 840) je odvozeno od jm\u00e9na Edward, kter\u00e9 bylo poprv\u00e9 zaznamen\u00e1no v pozemkov\u00e9m a da\u0148ov\u00e9m soupisu Vil\u00e9ma Dobyvatele z roku 1086 – z n\u011bj tak\u00e9 v\u00edme, \u017ee v t\u00e9 dob\u011b \u017eilo v cel\u00e9 Anglii n\u011bco p\u0159es milion lid\u00ed3<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

19. Green<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Green<\/em> je zelen\u00e1 barva<\/a>. Naproti tomu anglick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed Green (114 774 osob) poch\u00e1z\u00ed z village green<\/em> (doslova: vesnick\u00e1 zele\u0148) nebo „n\u00e1vsi“, tj. kousek zelen\u011b v centru vesnice, kde se konaly trhy, akce a kde obvykle st\u00e1l i kostel. Naproti tomu pan Green m\u011bl pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b chatu u village green<\/em> (vesnick\u00e9 zelen\u011b). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"pozdravy<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

20. Lewis<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Anglick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed Lewis (112 613) je odvozeno od starofrancouzsk\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na Lewis, Leweis nebo Lowis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

21. Wood<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Wood (111 127 jmen) v angli\u010dtin\u011b znamen\u00e1 les, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b d\u0159evo. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se tak \u0159\u00edkalo lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eili v lese nebo v jeho bl\u00edzkosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

22. Harris<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Harris (110 306 anglick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed) je odvozeno od jm\u00e9na Harry, co\u017e je zdrobn\u011blina jm\u00e9na Henry (Jind\u0159ich).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

23. Martin<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

George Martin, autor Hry o tr\u016fny, vd\u011b\u010d\u00ed za sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed (109 869) latinsk\u00e9mu Martinus, kter\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il Svat\u00fd Martin z Tours (316-397).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

24. Jackson<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Jackson (109 086) neboli „son of Jacka“<\/em> nebo vlastn\u011b syn Johna, proto\u017ee Jack je odvozen od jm\u00e9na John. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

25. Clarke<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Clarke (108 022 lid\u00ed) je star\u00fd pravopis slova clerk<\/em> (\u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk), kter\u00e9 zase poch\u00e1z\u00ed z cleric<\/em>. Ten dnes m\u016f\u017ee znamenat „\u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed“, ale tak\u00e9 „kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd“. To proto, \u017ee to byli kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed, kdo um\u011bl \u010d\u00edst a ps\u00e1t, a pr\u00e1v\u011b klerici vedli r\u016fzn\u00e9 farn\u00ed dokumenty a invent\u00e1\u0159e. V angli\u010dtin\u011b je dodnes „spole\u010denstv\u00ed“ parish<\/em>, doslova „farnost“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mluvte anglicky jako Johnson a Smith!<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pokud nechcete hned na za\u010d\u00e1tku vypadat jako meme kolega, vyplat\u00ed se angli\u010dtinu pravideln\u011b procvi\u010dovat!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdo se nerozv\u00edj\u00ed, jde pozp\u00e1tku!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud se tedy chcete intenzivn\u011b zdokonalit v komunikaci v angli\u010dtin\u011b nebo si jen upevnit sv\u00e9 znalosti, doporu\u010duji kurz angli\u010dtiny Speakingo<\/a> !<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fduka je zde jednoduch\u00e1 a p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1, proto\u017ee stejn\u011b jako v Callanov\u011b metod\u011b<\/a> zahrnuje mluven\u00ed v pln\u00fdch v\u011bt\u00e1ch v angli\u010dtin\u011b<\/a>. A\u017e na to, \u017ee tady mluv\u00edte s … po\u010d\u00edta\u010d nebo telefon, kter\u00fd v\u00e1m rozum\u00ed, chv\u00e1l\u00ed v\u00e1s a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby v\u00e1s opravuje. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se u\u010d\u00edte anglicky jako d\u00edt\u011b, poslouch\u00e1te, odpov\u00edd\u00e1te na ot\u00e1zky a v\u0161echny znalosti se v\u00e1m dostanou do hlavy samy!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b je nejlep\u0161\u00ed vid\u011bt to na vlastn\u00ed o\u010di, vyzkou\u0161et si to na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaregistrujte se a z\u00edskejte nez\u00e1vazn\u011b prvn\u00ed t\u00fdden zdarma a pdf se seznamem 2000 nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch anglick\u00fdch slov\u00ed\u010dek, na kter\u00fdch je kurz Speakingo postaven!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159ekvapilo v\u00e1s, odkud poch\u00e1zej\u00ed nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anglick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed? Nebo v\u00edte o n\u011bjak\u00e9m zaj\u00edmav\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu, kter\u00fd by s t\u00edm souvisel? Koment\u00e1\u0159e jsou v\u00e1m k dispozici!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Zaregistrujte se na kurz angli\u010dtiny Speakingo!<\/strong><\/p>

Chce\u0161 rozum\u011bt Angli\u010dan\u016fm? Za\u010dni mluvit jako oni!<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pod\u00edvejte se, jak\u00e1 jsou nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anglick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed, co znamenaj\u00ed a odkud poch\u00e1zej\u00ed. Kdo je „Anglick\u00fd Nov\u00e1k“?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40440,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3685,3653],"tags":[8286,7683,8287,8288],"class_list":["post-63551","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-emigrantuv-roh","category-anglicka-slova-a-idiomy","tag-anglicka-jmena","tag-historie","tag-johnes-cs","tag-smith-puvod-anglicka-jmena"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anglick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed a jejich p\u016fvod ⋆ Speakingo ⋆<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pod\u00edvejte se, jak\u00e1 jsou nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anglick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed, co znamenaj\u00ed a odkud poch\u00e1zej\u00ed. 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